A damaged cell in the aluminum electrolysis production process is a major hidden danger to electrolysis safety production. Once damaged, the cell will be shut down for maintenance at best, or even affect the entire potline. At the same time, traditional infrared gun temperature measurement has shortcomings such as untimely temperature measurement, large temperature measurement deviation, measurement invariance and safety hazards. The online electrolytic cell monitoring system can monitor the temperature of the cathode collector bar, steel window and furnace bottom of the electrolytic cell in a timely, accurate and real-time manner. At the same time, it has the functions of intelligent early warning for temperature abnormalities, avoiding the risk of cell leakage.